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perfect randomness

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  • Markov perfect equilibrium — A solution concept in game theory Relationships Subset of Subgame perfect equilibrium Significance Proposed by …   Wikipedia

  • One-time pad — Excerpt from a one time pad In cryptography, the one time pad (OTP) is a type of encryption, which has been proven to be impossible to crack if used correctly. Each bit or character from the plaintext is encrypted by a modular addition with a bit …   Wikipedia

  • Shuffling — Shuffle redirects here. For other uses, see Shuffle (disambiguation). Shuffling is a procedure used to randomize a deck of playing cards to provide an element of chance in card games. Shuffling is often followed by a cut, to help ensure that the… …   Wikipedia

  • Mathematics and Physical Sciences — ▪ 2003 Introduction Mathematics       Mathematics in 2002 was marked by two discoveries in number theory. The first may have practical implications; the second satisfied a 150 year old curiosity.       Computer scientist Manindra Agrawal of the… …   Universalium

  • Intelligent design — This article is about intelligent design as promulgated by the Discovery Institute. For other uses, see Intelligent design (disambiguation). For the philosophical argument from design , see Teleological argument …   Wikipedia

  • Determinism — This article is about the general notion of determinism in philosophy. For other uses, see Determinism (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Fatalism, Predeterminism, or Predictability. Certainty series …   Wikipedia

  • Eastern Orthodox Christian theology — is the theology particular to the Eastern Orthodox Church. It is characterized by monotheistic Trinitarianism, belief in the Incarnation of the Logos (Son of God), a balancing of cataphatic theology with apophatic theology, a hermeneutic defined… …   Wikipedia

  • Kolmogorov complexity — In algorithmic information theory (a subfield of computer science), the Kolmogorov complexity of an object, such as a piece of text, is a measure of the computational resources needed to specify the object. It is named after Soviet Russian… …   Wikipedia

  • Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator — A cryptographically secure pseudo random number generator (CSPRNG) is a pseudo random number generator (PRNG) with properties that make it suitable for use in cryptography. Many aspects of cryptography require random numbers, for example: Key… …   Wikipedia

  • Commitment scheme — In cryptography, a commitment scheme allows one to commit to a value while keeping it hidden, with the ability to reveal the committed value later. Commitments are used to bind a party to a value so that they cannot adapt to other messages in… …   Wikipedia

  • Dilemma of determinism — The dilemma of determinism seems to rule out free will whether reality is determined or not, which would rule out both Compatibilism and Metaphysical Libertarianism The dilemma of determinism is the claim that if determinism is true, our actions… …   Wikipedia

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